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com/landmarks/oceania-landmarks/landmarks-of-australia/”>landmarks in Europe, and so are in Armenia.
Nestled amidst the picturesque landscape of the Caucasus Mountains, Armenia boasts a rich history and a breathtaking array of landmarks that serve as portals into the intricate tapestry of its cultural heritage.
From ancient monasteries perched atop rugged cliffs to majestic citadels that have withstood the test of time, each landmark is a testament to the indomitable spirit and enduring legacy of the Armenian people.
Embark on a journey through time as we explore the awe-inspiring landmarks that define this beautiful nation.
1. Mount Ararat – Yerevan
Mount Ararat is a dormant volcano and the highest peak in Turkey, located near the border with Armenia.
What to see or do: Visitors can view the majestic mountain from Yerevan and other surrounding areas in Armenia.
Some tour companies offer hiking and climbing expeditions to the base of the mountain, however, climbing to the summit is only allowed with a permit from the Turkish government.
Don’t miss: The breathtaking view of the snow-capped peak during clear weather.
Insider travel tips: It’s best to visit during the summer months when the weather is clear and visibility is at its best. Consider hiring a local guide who can provide insights into the history and culture surrounding the mountain.
2. Tatev Monastery – Tatev
A historic Armenian Apostolic monastery located in the Syunik Province of Armenia.
What to see or do: Admire the stunning mountainous landscapes surrounding the monastery. Explore the monastery complex with its impressive architectural design, beautiful stone carvings, and religious artifacts.
Take the longest non-stop reversible aerial tramway in the world – The Wings of Tatev, to reach the monastery and enjoy panoramic views of the surroundings.
Don’t miss: Visiting the 9th-century Church of St. Poghos-Petros with its unique stone pillars and intricate carvings.
Viewing the intricate carvings of the Khachkars or Armenian cross-stones.
Insider travel tips: Be sure to check the weather forecast before planning your visit as the area is known for frequent fog and rain.
The Wings of Tatev can be busy, so plan ahead to avoid peak times. Consider visiting during the annual Tatev Summer Music Festival for a unique cultural experience.
3. Garni Temple – Garni
The Garni Temple is a partially reconstructed Hellenistic temple located in the village of Garni in Armenia.
What to see or do: Visitors can explore the temple’s impressive architecture, including the colonnaded portico, cella, and sacrificial altar, all dating back to the 1st century AD.
Don’t miss: Be sure to take in the stunning views of the Azat River Gorge and the surrounding mountains from the temple’s elevated position.
Insider travel tips: Remember to wear comfortable shoes as there is quite a bit of walking involved. It’s also worth bringing a picnic to enjoy the scenic views from the nearby hills.
Finally, plan to arrive early in the morning or late in the afternoon to avoid the crowds and to experience the temple in the best light.
4. Geghard Monastery – Geghard
Geghard Monastery is a medieval monastery located in the Kotayk province of Armenia, near the town of Goght.
What to see or do: – Admire the stunning architecture of the monastery complex, which includes several churches and tombs carved into the surrounding cliffs.
Don’t miss: – The intricate carvings and frescoes that adorn the monastery’s interior, including depictions of saints, biblical scenes, and animals.
Insider travel tips: – Plan to visit Geghard early in the morning or late in the day to avoid the crowds that can converge on the site during peak hours.
5. Khor Virap Monastery – Lusarat
Khor Virap Monastery is a 17th-century Armenian Apostolic Church monastery located in the village of Lusarat.
What to see or do: The monastery offers stunning views of Mount Ararat, a snow-capped dormant volcano, and the surrounding landscapes. Visitors can explore the monastery complex, which includes a bell tower, chapel, and mausoleum.
It is also a popular pilgrimage site for Armenians, and offers a unique spiritual experience for tourists.
Don’t miss: The “Pit” where Saint Gregory the Illuminator was imprisoned for 13 years before he converted King Tiridates III to Christianity.
The site offers visitors a chance to lower themselves into the pit to get a feel for what it would have been like for Saint Gregory.
Insider travel tips: Visit during sunrise or sunset to experience the breathtaking view of Mount Ararat. It is also recommended to wear comfortable shoes as the site requires a bit of walking.
Additionally, plan your visit during major religious celebrations like Easter if you want to witness the beauty of Armenian culture and religious traditions.
6. Saghmosavank Monastery – Saghmosavan
Saghmosavank Monastery is a historic monastery located in the village of Saghmosavan, Armenia.
It was built in the 13th century and stands on the edge of a deep gorge, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape.
What to see or do: Visitors can explore the monastery complex, which includes a main church, a chapel, a library, and other buildings. They can admire the beautiful architecture and intricate carvings, and take in the stunning views from the clifftop location.
Don’t miss: Make sure to check out the library – it contains some of the oldest and most valuable manuscripts in Armenia, including religious texts and scientific works.
Insider travel tips: – Wear comfortable shoes and be prepared for some uphill walking.
7. Zvartnots Cathedral – Zvartnots
Zvartnots Cathedral is a ruined 7th-century cathedral located near the city of Etchmiadzin, Armenia.
What to see or do: Explore the ruins of the impressive cathedral and admire the intricate carvings and architecture. Learn about the history of the area through informative exhibits and displays.
Don’t miss: The chance to take stunning photos of the ruins with a backdrop of the majestic Mount Ararat.
Insider travel tips: – Visit the site early in the morning to avoid crowds and take advantage of the beautiful light for photography.
8. Erebuni Fortress – Yerevan
Erebuni Fortress is an ancient fortified city located on top of a hill overlooking Yerevan, the capital city of Armenia.
What to see or do: Visitors can explore the ancient ruins of the fortress, which date back to the 8th century BC.
The site features a museum with artifacts including pottery, jewelry, and weapons, as well as a reconstruction of the palace and other buildings.
Don’t miss: Make sure to visit the Erebuni Museum, which offers a glimpse into the history of the fortress and the ancient kingdom of Urartu.
The museum also includes exhibits on the history and culture of Yerevan and Armenia.
Insider travel tips: To fully appreciate the site, consider hiring a guide who can offer insight into the history and significance of the fortress.
Don’t forget to bring comfortable shoes, as the site requires some walking uphill. And for the best views of the surrounding city and mountains, visit at sunset.
9. Noravank Monastery – Areni
Noravank Monastery is a 13th-century Armenian monastery located in the town of Areni, known for its unique red rock formations.
What to see or do: Visitors can explore the monastery complex, including the main church, the smaller Church of St. Karapet, and the Gavit (main entrance).
Don’t miss: The view of the Amaghu Valley from the monastery is breathtaking, particularly during sunset when the red rocks seem to glow.
Insider travel tips: Guided tours are available for those who want to learn more about the monastery’s history and significance, and visitors should dress modestly as it is a religious site.
Be sure to take plenty of water as the hike up to the complex can be strenuous in the heat.
10. Republic Square – Yerevan
A large public square in the center of Yerevan, the capital of Armenia.
What to see or do: Enjoy the open space and the beautiful buildings surrounding the square including the Government House, National Museum of History of Armenia, and the Marriott Hotel.
Admire the impressive water fountains and a large statue of the country’s most famous medieval musician and poet, Sayat-Nova.
Don’t miss: The nightly sound and light show that brings the history of Armenia and the square to life. The show is presented in both Armenian and English and is free to the public.
Insider travel tips: Visit the square during the annual Independence Day celebrations on September 21st when the square is filled with people, music, and flower decorations.
Take a stroll to nearby attractions such as the Opera House, Cascade complex, and the Vernissage Market.
11. Sevanavank Monastery – Sevan
Sevanavank Monastery is a 9th-century Armenian monastery located on the Sevan peninsula in Sevan, Armenia.
What to see or do: Admire the stunning views of Lake Sevan and the surrounding mountains from the monastery. Explore the intricate carvings and unique design of the monastery’s church and chapel.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the khachkars (Armenian cross-stones) scattered throughout the monastery complex. These intricately carved stones are a unique aspect of Armenian Christian art.
Insider travel tips: Visit Sevanavank Monastery early in the morning to avoid the crowds. Take time to hike around the beautiful Sevan peninsula and explore other nearby monasteries, such as Hayravank and Noratus.
Be sure to try the local fish dishes at the nearby restaurants.
12. Matenadaran – Yerevan
Matenadaran is a repository and museum of ancient manuscripts located in Yerevan, the capital city of Armenia.
What to see or do: Matenadaran houses over 23,000 historical manuscripts and documents that date back to the 5th century. Visitors can take a guided tour of the museum to see rare and ancient books, documents, and scrolls.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the opportunity to see the famous Armenian illuminated manuscripts, including the world’s oldest surviving Bible, the Codex Vaticanus 373.
Insider travel tips: It is recommended to book a tour guide in advance to fully appreciate the history and significance of the manuscripts. Also, make sure to visit the museum early in the day to avoid crowds.
13. Jermuk Waterfall – Jermuk
A stunning 72-meter waterfall located in the spa town of Jermuk, Armenia.
What to see or do: Admire the breathtaking view of the waterfall cascading down the cliffs amidst lush greenery. Take a refreshing dip in the cool waters of the natural pool at the base of the fall.
Don’t miss: Exploring the nearby nature reserve which houses several rare species of plants and animals.
Insider travel tips: Be sure to wear comfortable shoes as the trail to the waterfall can be quite steep and rocky.
It is best to visit during the spring or early summer when the waterfall is at its fullest, and the surrounding landscape is lush and green.
Additionally, bring a picnic and enjoy a scenic lunch while taking in the beauty of the waterfall.
14. The Cascade – Yerevan
The Cascade is a monumental staircase in Yerevan, Armenia, which features an outdoor museum of modern art as well as multiple levels and terraces with impressive fountains, sculptures, and gardens.
What to see or do: Visitors can climb the 572 steps of the staircase or use the escalators to explore the various levels of the Cascade and enjoy the panoramic city views.
The outdoor museum showcases a diverse collection of contemporary art, including works by famous Armenian artists such as Fernando Botero, Lynn Chadwick, and Barry Flanagan.
Don’t miss: At the top of the Cascade, visitors will find the Cafesjian Museum of Art, which houses an extensive collection of glass art, as well as works by Armenian and international artists.
There are also several cafes and restaurants located inside the Cascade complex.
Insider travel tips: For the best sunset views of Yerevan, head to the top of the Cascade and enjoy a drink or meal at one of the many restaurants or cafes.
Visitors should also wear comfortable shoes as there are many stairs to climb.
15. Haghartsin Monastery – Dilijan
Haghartsin Monastery is a medieval Armenian monastery complex located in Dilijan.
What to see or do: Explore the intricate architecture, admire the detailed carvings on the walls, and take in the peaceful surroundings. Visit the Saint Astvatsatsin Church, Saint Grigor Church, and Saint Stepanos Church within the complex.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the chance to see the ornate khachkars (Armenian cross-stones) and the 13th-century refectory with its unique architecture.
Insider travel tips: – Make sure to wear comfortable shoes as the complex has many steep steps and paths.
16. Amberd Fortress – Byurakan
Amberd Fortress is a medieval Armenian fortress complex and castle located in the town of Byurakan.
What to see or do: Explore the ancient fortress, admire the stunning views of the surrounding mountains and the Kasagh River gorge.
Don’t miss: Visiting the church of Amberd, which dates back to the 11th century and is considered to be one of the best examples of Armenian medieval architecture.
Insider travel tips:
17. Azat Reservoir – Garni
Azat Reservoir is a man-made water body located in the province of Kotayk, Armenia. It was established by the Soviet Union in the 1970s to store water from the Azat River for irrigation purposes.
What to see or do: The reservoir offers breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains and landscape, making it a great spot for nature photography. Visitors can also rent boats and kayaks to explore the clear blue waters of the reservoir.
Don’t miss: The nearby Garni Temple, a well-preserved Hellenic temple located on a cliff above the Azat River. It is the only remaining pagan temple in Armenia and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Insider travel tips: – The best time to visit the reservoir is during the summer months when the weather is warm and perfect for swimming and water activities.
18. Yerevan Opera Theater – Yerevan
Yerevan Opera Theater is a historic venue located in the heart of Yerevan, Armenia that features world-class opera, ballet, and musical performances.
What to see or do: Visitors can witness stunning performances and productions at the Opera Theater, including classic operas such as Carmen and La Traviata, as well as modern performances and ballets.
The theater is also well-known for its exceptional acoustics and stunning Art Nouveau architecture.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the opportunity to attend one of the theater’s performances, as they are known for their incredible artistry and breathtaking displays of talent.
The exterior of the building is also a highlight, with its beautifully detailed facade and stunning entrance.
Insider travel tips: Be sure to book your tickets well in advance of your visit, as the theater tends to sell out quickly.
If possible, try to attend an event during the summer months when the weather is more pleasant, as the outdoor area around the theater is quite scenic and lively.
Finally, don’t forget to dress up a bit for the performance – it’s a classy affair!
19. Dilijan National Park – Dilijan
Dilijan National Park is a protected area located in the lush forests of Dilijan region, Armenia.
What to see or do: – Admire the scenic landscapes and forests, filled with a variety of flora and fauna.
Don’t miss: – The Sharambeyan Ethnographic Museum, which offers a glimpse into the traditional way of life in Dilijan.
Insider travel tips: – Visit during the summer months to enjoy the diverse vegetation, beautiful weather, and a wider range of outdoor recreational activities.
20. Yerevan Brandy Factory – Yerevan
Yerevan Brandy Factory is a historic brandy distillery located in Yerevan, the capital city of Armenia.
What to see or do: Visitors can take a guided tour of the factory to learn about the brandy-making process, from the grapevine to the finished product.
The tour includes a visit to the aging cellar to see the barrels where the brandy is aged for years.
Don’t miss: The highlight of the tour is the brandy tasting at the end, where visitors can sample the different varieties of brandy produced at the factory.
The brandy is known for its smooth taste and high quality.
Insider travel tips:
21. Saint Gregory the Illuminator Cathedral – Yerevan
Saint Gregory the Illuminator Cathedral is the largest Armenian Apostolic church located in the capital city of Armenia, Yerevan.
What to see or do: The cathedral boasts of magnificent architecture and is a must-visit site for anyone interested in Armenian culture and religious history.
Don’t miss: The mesmerizing views of Mount Ararat that can be seen from the cathedral’s complex are not to be missed.
Insider travel tips: – Avoid visiting the cathedral during mass as it can be crowded.
22. Akhtala Monastery – Akhtala
A fortified Armenian Apostolic Church monastery complex, located in the town of Akhtala in the Lori Province of Armenia.
What to see or do: Admire the beautiful medieval frescoes and carvings inside the monastery’s main church, visit the small museum on the premises showcasing ancient manuscripts and artifacts, explore the well-preserved fortress walls and towers surrounding the complex.
Don’t miss: The stunning 13th-century frescoes that adorn the interior of the main church, featuring vivid depictions of scenes from the Bible and local folklore.
Insider travel tips: Avoid visiting during peak tourist season to beat the crowds and get the most out of your visit.
Take the time to wander around the outer walls and towers of the fortress for a unique perspective on the site’s history and architecture.
23. Shaki Waterfall – Sisian
A picturesque waterfall located in the Syunik region of Armenia.
What to see or do: Visitors can enjoy a relaxing hike to the waterfall and take in the beautiful natural scenery along the way. Once at the waterfall, they can admire its stunning cascade and take photos.
Don’t miss: The opportunity to cool off in the refreshing pool of water at the base of the waterfall. It’s perfect for a quick swim on a hot summer day.
Insider travel tips: Be sure to wear comfortable hiking shoes and bring plenty of water for the journey. Also, visit early in the day to avoid crowds and get the best lighting for photographs.
24. Blue Mosque – Yerevan
The Blue Mosque in Yerevan is a historic mosque located in the heart of the city. It was built in the early 18th century during the Ottoman occupation of Armenia.
What to see or do: Visitors to the Blue Mosque can admire the beautiful blue tiles that adorn the walls and ceilings of the building. The mosque also boasts stunning calligraphy and intricate geometric designs.
Visitors can also take part in a guided tour of the mosque to learn more about its history and significance.
Don’t miss: One of the highlights of a visit to the Blue Mosque is the chance to climb to the top of the minaret for stunning views of Yerevan.
Visitors should also be sure to take off their shoes before entering the mosque as a sign of respect.
Insider travel tips: The Blue Mosque is still an active place of worship, so visitors should time their visit accordingly to avoid interrupting prayers.
It is also important to dress modestly and respectfully when visiting the mosque.
25. Victory Park – Yerevan
Victory Park is a large recreational complex located on a hilltop above central Yerevan, dedicated to the victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany in World War II.
What to see or do: Enjoy breathtaking views of the city from the observation deck. Take a ride on the cable car that connects the park to the city center.
Visit the open-air military museum, which displays military hardware and equipment, including tanks, missile launchers, and aircraft. Stroll along the Alley of Heroes, a memorial wall dedicated to Armenian soldiers who fought in World War II.
Don’t miss: The Mother Armenia statue, a symbol of peace and strength, stands tall in the park’s center.
It replaced the statue of Joseph Stalin that was removed in 1962 after Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev denounced Stalin’s cult of personality.
Insider travel tips: Go early in the morning or late in the afternoon to avoid the crowds. Wear comfortable shoes, as the park is situated on a hilltop and requires a lot of walking.
Bring a jacket or sweater, as it can get windy at the observation deck. And don’t forget your camera, as the views from the park are stunning, especially during sunset.
26. Karmravor Church – Aragatsotn
Karmravor church is a 7th-century Armenian Apostolic Church located in the Aragatsotn province of Armenia.
What to see or do: The church is small but beautifully preserved, boasting unique architectural features such as the dome and bas-reliefs. Visitors can admire the striking red and white stonework and intricate carvings, both inside and outside of the building.
Don’t miss: A must-see at Karmravor church is the beautifully decorated khachkar (cross-stone) standing in front of the building. Carved in the 13th century, it features intricate designs and inscriptions in Armenian.
Insider travel tips: – Karmravor church is a great stop on a scenic road trip through the Aragatsotn region.
27. Vahramashen Church – Talin
Vahramashen Church is an ancient Armenian church located in the town of Talin, Armenia.
What to see or do: Visitors can explore the well-preserved ruins of the church, which date back to the 5th century. The architecture features intricate details and carvings, showcasing the skill of the ancient artisans who built it.
Don’t miss: The intricate stonework of the entrance to the church is a must-see, as is the large carved cross located inside the ruins.
Insider travel tips: If you’re interested in Armenian history and architecture, hiring a local guide is recommended to fully appreciate the significance of this site.
Additionally, make sure to wear comfortable shoes and bring sunscreen, as the church is located in an exposed area.
28. Saint Hripsime Church – Vagharshapat
Saint Hripsime Church is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the oldest surviving churches in Armenia, dating back to the 7th century.
What to see or do: This ancient church features stunning Armenian architecture and is dedicated to Saint Hripsime, a virgin martyr who was killed for her faith.
Visitors can marvel at the intricate details of the church’s exterior and interior, including its dome, pillars, and frescoes.
Don’t miss: The unique acoustics of the church make it a great spot to hear traditional Armenian chants and hymns. Don’t miss the chance to hear local choirs perform while inside.
Insider travel tips: Visiting early in the morning or late in the afternoon can help you avoid the crowds. It’s also recommended to dress modestly and cover your head while inside the church.