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There are an array of landmarks in Europe
to see, with Turkmenistan sharing quite a few of those!Turkmenistan is a cultural crossroads of the ancient Silk Road, a land filled with grandeur and mystery.
Its landmarks are like sparkling jewels that brighten the horizon and narrate an exciting history of its civilizations.
These landmarks stand still, holding their own against the changes of time, beckoning visitors to explore their magnificence and delve into their stories.
1. Ashgabat Olympic Complex
The Ashgabat Olympic Complex is a state-of-the-art sports and event facility located in the capital of Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: The complex, which was completed in 2017, boasts several world-class venues, including a 45,000-seat stadium, an indoor arena, and an aquatics center.
Visitors can attend sporting events, concerts, and other cultural events held at the complex throughout the year.
Don’t miss: Be sure to check out the statue of Turkmenistan’s first president, Saparmurat Niyazov, located at the entrance to the complex. The statue, which rotates to face the sun throughout the day, is said to be made of solid gold.
Insider travel tips: Make sure to take advantage of the complex’s convenient location in the heart of Ashgabat by exploring the city’s many nearby attractions, including the Turkmen Carpet Museum, the Independence Monument, and the National Museum of Turkmenistan.
Visitors should also be aware that Turkmenistan has strict laws regarding photography and dress, so it’s important to do your research before your visit.
2. Door to Hell
The Door to Hell is a natural gas field in Derweze, Turkmenistan that has been perpetually burning since 1971.
What to see or do: Visitors can watch the flames dance and feel the warmth emanating from the constantly burning gas field. It’s a surreal and otherworldly sight to see flames and smoke rising from an enormous hole in the ground.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the opportunity to witness the Door to Hell at night. As the sun sets, the blazing inferno becomes even more striking as it illuminates the surrounding desert.
Insider travel tips: – The Door to Hell is located in a remote area, and the closest city is Ashgabat, which is about a 3-hour drive away.
3. Ashgabat Wheel of Enlightenment
The Ashgabat Wheel of Enlightenment is a towering Ferris wheel located in the capital city of Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: Visitors can take a ride on the Ferris wheel to enjoy panoramic views of the city skyline. The attraction also features an observation deck and a 3D ride simulator.
Don’t miss: During the evening, the Wheel of Enlightenment lights up with colorful LED lights, creating a stunning visual display.
Insider travel tips: It’s recommended to visit the Ferris wheel during the cooler parts of the day, as temperatures can be extremely high in Ashgabat during the summer months.
Additionally, be sure to bring a camera to capture the impressive views from the observation deck.
4. Monument of Neutrality
The Monument of Neutrality is a futuristic tower situated in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, that was built to commemorate Turkmenistan’s official status of permanent neutrality.
What to see or do: Visitors can get an extraordinary view of Ashgabat from the observation deck, which is reachable by a swiveling staircase. The interior of the tower consists of exhibition halls, conference rooms, and an ice skating rink.
Don’t miss: The tower’s most notable feature is the large golden statue of former Turkmenistan president Saparmurat Niyazov that used to top the structure.
It was 12 meters tall and rotated to face the sun throughout the day.
Insider travel tips: Before you visit, make sure to check the tower’s opening hours, as it might be closed for renovations. The entrance fee can be a bit pricy, but the unique experience is worth it.
And don’t forget to bring your camera to take some stunning pictures of the turquoise city landscape from the observation deck.
5. Kow Ata Underground Lake
Kow Ata Underground Lake is a mystical underground cavern lake located in the heart of Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: Visitors can swim in the turquoise waters of the lake or float in the therapeutic salty water, as the temperature never drops below 33C.
Don’t miss: Exploring the unique limestone formations and stalactites in the cavern.
Insider travel tips: Make sure to bring water shoes as the bottom of the lake can be quite rocky. Also, be prepared for the pungent smell of sulfur in the air near the lake.
6. Gypjak Mosque
The Gypjak Mosque is a stunning mosque located in the suburbs of Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: Admire the stunning architecture of this mosque, which features traditional Turkmenistan and Islamic design elements. The exterior of the mosque includes beautiful turquoise domes and intricate tilework.
Inside, visitors can see the mosque’s main prayer hall, as well as smaller rooms for prayer and reflection.
Don’t miss: Take a moment to appreciate the unique blend of Turkmenistan’s cultural heritage and Islamic tradition in the design of this mosque.
Don’t forget to take photos of the mosque’s beautiful exterior and interior, including the intricate tilework and the grand chandelier in the main prayer hall.
Insider travel tips: Visit the mosque with a local guide who can share more information about its history and significance. If possible, try to visit during prayer times to witness the mosque in use and experience the peaceful atmosphere.
Remember to dress appropriately and remove your shoes before entering the mosque.
7. Ashgabat Independence Monument
The Ashgabat Independence Monument is a prominent landmark in Turkmenistan that commemorates the country’s independence from the Soviet Union in 1991.
What to see or do: The monument is an impressive sight, standing at 118 meters tall and featuring a giant golden statue of an eagle with spread wings on top.
Visitors can take in the panoramic views of the city from the top of the monument, which is accessible via an elevator.
Don’t miss: The surrounding park is a great place to relax and enjoy the scenery, with well-maintained gardens, fountains, and a statue of the first president of Turkmenistan, Saparmurat Niyazov.
Insider travel tips: – The best time to visit the monument is during sunset, when the colors of the sky complement the golden monument.
8. Turkmenbashi Ruhy Mosque
Turkmenbashi Ruhy Mosque is a grand mosque in the city of Gypjak, just outside of Ashgabat, the capital of Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: The mosque is one of the largest in Central Asia and can hold up to 10,000 people. Admire the ornate exterior, which is decorated with colorful mosaics and intricate geometric patterns.
Inside, see the massive crystal chandelier, which is one of the largest in the world, weighing over a ton. Visitors can also tour the beautiful grounds, which include a large reflecting pool.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the chance to see the mosque at night, when it is beautifully illuminated. It’s a spectacular sight to behold!
Insider travel tips: – Visitors should dress conservatively and remove their shoes before entering the mosque.
9. Nisa Fortress
A prehistoric fortress ruins located in Nisa, Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: Explore the ancient ruins that date back to the Parthian Empire. See the remains of the palace, temple, and defensive walls.
Take in the view of the surrounding landscapes from the top of the fortress.
Don’t miss: The underground tunnels and chambers that are scattered throughout the fortress. These passageways offer a glimpse into the daily life and military tactics of the inhabitants of the fortress.
Insider travel tips: Visit the site in the cooler morning or late afternoon hours to avoid the scorching sun. Wear comfortable shoes and bring water, as the site requires a bit of walking.
Take a guided tour to fully appreciate the history behind the ruins.
10. Ertuğrul Gazi Mosque
Ertuğrul Gazi Mosque is a stunning mosque located in Sogut, Turkey. It was named after Ertuğrul Gazi, the father of Osman I, the founder of the Ottoman Empire.
What to see or do: Visitors can admire the beautiful Ottoman architecture, which features intricate designs and patterns on the walls, ceilings, and floors. The mosque also has a spacious courtyard and a peaceful atmosphere, making it a perfect place for prayer or contemplation.
Don’t miss: The impressive dome of the mosque, which is about 25 meters in height and surrounded by four half-domes. It is one of the main highlights of the mosque and looks even more stunning during sunset.
Insider travel tips: – Dress modestly when visiting the mosque (long pants or skirts, covered shoulders).
11. Watan Monument
A towering monument located in Baghdad, Iraq.
What to see or do: Marvel at the impressive structure and take in views of the surrounding area from the observation deck. The monument is illuminated at night, making for a beautiful sight.
Don’t miss: The Eternal Flame at the base of the monument, which symbolizes the Iraqi soldiers killed in the Iran-Iraq War.
Insider travel tips: While the area surrounding the monument has improved in recent years, it is still advisable to exercise caution and be aware of your surroundings.
Also, be sure to bring plenty of water and sunscreen if visiting during the hot summer months.
12. Gurbanguly Hajji Mosque
Gurbanguly Hajji Mosque is the largest mosque in Turkmenistan and one of the main attractions in the capital city of Ashgabat.
What to see or do: Visitors can admire the stunning white marble exterior of the mosque, adorned with intricate tile work and calligraphy.
Inside, the mosque features beautiful chandeliers and a massive carpet, which holds the Guinness World Record for the largest hand-woven carpet.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the opportunity to climb to the top of the mosque’s minaret, which offers stunning panoramic views of Ashgabat.
Insider travel tips: Visitors should dress modestly when visiting the mosque, and be prepared to remove their shoes before entering. It’s also best to avoid visiting during prayer times, as the mosque can get quite crowded.
13. Jeitun Observatory
Jeitun Observatory is an astronomical complex located in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: Visitors can observe the starry sky with the help of the high-tech telescopes available on site. The observatory offers guided tours for visitors to learn more about astronomy and the history of the observatory.
Don’t miss: The chance to see the moon and planets up close through the observatory’s powerful telescopes, as well as the beautiful sunsets and breathtaking views of Ashgabat’s skyline.
Insider travel tips: Jeitun Observatory offers night tours that allow visitors to stargaze and view constellations and astronomical wonders with special equipment. Additionally, it is recommended to dress warmly as the observatory can get quite chilly during nighttime observations.
14. Köneürgenç
Köneürgenç is an ancient city located along the Silk Road in Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: Visit the Köneürgenç Historical-Cultural Reserve, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that includes numerous ruins and ancient monuments.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the opportunity to see the famous Gutlug Timur Minaret, one of the tallest minarets in Central Asia, with its intricate brickwork and stunning architectural features.
Insider travel tips: Remember to dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites.
15. Alem Cultural and Entertainment Center
Alem Cultural and Entertainment Center is a vibrant and modern space in the heart of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It is a lively hub for arts, culture, and entertainment.
What to see or do: Visitors can enjoy a variety of cultural experiences, including concerts, theater performances, art exhibitions, and film screenings.
The center also has several restaurants and cafes, providing a perfect spot to grab a bite to eat or coffee while enjoying the lively atmosphere.
Don’t miss: Make sure to check out the center’s rooftop terrace for picturesque views of the city and beautiful sunsets over Addis Ababa.
It’s a great place to unwind after a busy day of exploring the city.
Insider travel tips: To fully experience the vibrant atmosphere of Alem Cultural and Entertainment Center, time your visit with one of the many cultural events happening throughout the year.
Also, make sure to bring some extra cash as some of the events and activities may require ticket purchase.
16. Türkmenbaşy Arch
The Türkmenbaşy Arch is a grandiose landmark located in Ashgabat, the capital city of Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: Take a stroll around the arch to marvel at its impressive size and elaborate design.
The arch features intricate white marble tiles and impressive statues as well as a golden statue of the former leader of Turkmenistan, Saparmurat Niyazov.
Don’t miss: Watching the arch light up at night is truly spectacular, as it shines brightly against the dark sky.
Insider travel tips: Venture to the arch during the day to take in its intricate details, and return at night to see it illuminated in all its glory.
Be sure to bring a camera to capture this impressive monument from every angle.
17. Bayramaly Mosque
Bayramaly Mosque is a historic mosque located in the town of Bayramaly in Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: Visitors can admire the beautiful architecture of the mosque, which features intricate tile work and a distinctive blue dome.
Don’t miss: Be sure to take a stroll around the tranquil courtyard and enjoy the peaceful atmosphere.
Insider travel tips: It’s recommended to dress modestly when visiting the mosque. Remember to remove your shoes before entering and be respectful of those who are praying.
18. Türkmenbaşy Ruhy Mosque
Türkmenbaşy Ruhy Mosque is a grand mosque located in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan. It is one of the largest mosques in Central Asia.
What to see or do: Visitors can admire the stunning architecture of the mosque, which blends traditional Islamic design with modern elements, such as the massive dome made of glass.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the chance to see the intricate calligraphy and colorful mosaic tiles that adorn the interior of the mosque.
Insider travel tips: Visitors should dress conservatively and remove their shoes before entering the mosque.
It’s also a good idea to hire a guide, as they can provide insight into the mosque’s history and help navigate the complex.
19. Ashgabat Carpet Museum
Ashgabat Carpet Museum is dedicated to displaying Turkmenistan’s rich cultural heritage as it relates to the art of carpet weaving.
What to see or do: The museum boasts a collection of over 2,000 unique carpets and rugs, many of which were crafted by skilled artisans over centuries.
Visitors can marvel at the intricate designs, delicate textures, and rich colors of the exhibits while learning about the history and customs behind Turkmen carpet-making.
Don’t miss: The highlight of the museum is the Turkmenistan National Carpet, which is the largest handmade carpet in the world.
Covering an area of over 300 square meters, the carpet is intricately woven with pure silk and adorned with ornate designs and patterns.
Insider travel tips: – Photography is not allowed inside the museum, so be sure to capture your memories outside or in the courtyard.
20. Ashgabat National Museum of History
The Ashgabat National Museum of History is an impressive museum that showcases the history and culture of Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: Visitors can explore numerous exhibits that span ancient times to modern-day Turkmenistan. Exhibits include displays of traditional clothing, music, art, and weapons.
The museum also has artifacts from the ancient city of Nisa, including murals, ceramics, and weapons.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the impressive collection of items from the Parthian Empire, which once dominated this region. Also, be sure to check out the impressive marble staircase and other architectural features of the museum building itself.
Insider travel tips: The museum offers guided tours in English, Russian, and other languages.
21. Maryam Ana Mosque
A historic mosque located in the heart of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
What to see or do: Visitors can admire the intricate architecture of the mosque, which features a blend of Ottoman and Andalusian styles. The mosque also has a large prayer hall and a spacious courtyard.
Don’t miss: The stunning mihrab (prayer niche), which is made of finely carved marble and decorated with intricate Islamic calligraphy.
Insider travel tips: Visitors should dress modestly and remove their shoes before entering the mosque. It’s also recommended to visit the mosque during non-prayer times to avoid disrupting worshippers.
22. Ashgabat Wedding Palace
The Ashgabat Wedding Palace is a wedding ceremony and reception venue in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: At the Ashgabat Wedding Palace, you can witness or experience a traditional Turkmen wedding ceremony that is accompanied by music, dancing, and local cuisine.
The Palace is a grand building that is decorated with marble, gold, and crystal chandeliers.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the chance to take a picture with the bride and groom to commemorate the occasion.
Also, make sure to taste the traditional Turkmen wedding dishes, such as shurpa (lamb soup), plov (rice pilaf), and manty (dumplings).
Insider travel tips: If you plan to attend a wedding at the palace, make sure to dress appropriately. Women should cover their heads and wear long dresses or skirts, while men should wear suits or traditional Turkmen clothing.
23. Ashgabat Cinema
A modern cinema in the heart of Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: Catch a movie in the comfortable and stylish cinema, enjoy the latest films from around the world.
Don’t miss: The neon-lit entrance and the grand, futuristic interior design of the cinema.
Insider travel tips: Check out the schedule online before visiting as the language may be an issue at the cinema.
Be sure to arrive early to get the best seats, and bring some snacks as they are not sold inside the cinema.
24. Ashgabat Monument to the Constitution
The Ashgabat Monument to the Constitution is a significant monument located in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: Visitors can marvel at the grandeur of the monument, which stands at 185 feet tall and contains 24 white marble columns.
The monument serves as a symbol of the country’s independence and commitment to democracy.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the intricate details of the monument, which include statues of Turkmenistan’s famous poets, scholars, and philosophers. The monument also features a large golden statue of the country’s first president, Saparmurat Niyazov.
Insider travel tips: Visit the monument at night when it is illuminated for a beautiful and impressive sight.
25. Oguzkhan Presidential Palace
A grand and imposing palace located in the heart of Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, serving as the official residence of the President of Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: Visitors can marvel at the intricate architectural design that blends traditional Turkmen style with modern elements.
A guided tour is necessary to explore the interior of the palace, complete with opulent furnishings, chandeliers, and works of art.
Don’t miss: Witness the elaborate changing of the guards ceremony, which takes place every 30 minutes throughout the day. The palace grounds also feature beautifully manicured gardens and water features that are worth exploring.
Insider travel tips: It’s important to note that the palace is not open to the public at all times and visitors must book a guided tour in advance.
Photography is strictly prohibited within the palace. Dress conservatively and respectfully when visiting the palace, as it is a symbol of national pride and integrity.
26. Turkmen Horse Monument
The Turkmen Horse Monument is a striking statue located in Ashgabat, the capital city of Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: The monument features three Turkmen horses, which represent the cultural and historical significance of these animals in Turkmen society.
The horses are rearing up on their hind legs, and the statue is made of bronze and stands at over 69 feet tall.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the opportunity to see the monument at night, as it is beautifully illuminated with changing colors that make it stand out in the city skyline.
Insider travel tips: – It’s worth visiting the nearby National Museum of Turkmenistan to learn more about the history and culture of the Turkmen people.
27. Ashgabat Ferris wheel
The Ashgabat Ferris wheel is a giant wheel that stands at 95 meters tall. It is located in the capital city of Turkmenistan, Ashgabat.
What to see or do: Riding the Ferris wheel will let you enjoy a bird’s-eye view of the city skyline and the surrounding mountains. The Ferris wheel experience lasts for approximately 15 minutes, and each cabin can hold up to 8 people.
Don’t miss: During the night, the Ferris wheel is brightly lit up, making it a fantastic sight to behold, adding to the ambiance of the city.
Insider travel tips: – The best time to ride the Ferris wheel is either in the morning or late afternoon when the temperature is cooler.
28. Ashgabat Presidential Palace
The Ashgabat Presidential Palace is the official residence of the President of Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: Visitors can admire the impressive architecture of this grandiose palace from the outside, but it is not open to the public for tours.
Don’t miss: The palace is especially beautiful at night when it is illuminated with colorful lights.
Insider travel tips: It’s best to view the palace from a distance as getting too close can result in unwanted attention from security personnel.
Also, be aware that taking photos of the palace or any government buildings may result in confiscation of your camera or phone.
29. Ashgabat Türkmenbaşy Park
Ashgabat Türkmenbaşy Park is a recreational public park located in the heart of Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
What to see or do: The park boasts lush greenery and is spacious enough for a stroll or a jog.
Visitors can marvel at the impressive statue of Saparmurat Niyazov, the iconic Turkmen leader, and the modern architectural wonders surrounding the park.
Don’t miss: Be sure to visit the beautiful fountains adorned with intricate designs and the crystal-clear lake. The park also hosts various cultural events such as concerts and festivals.
Insider travel tips: Ashgabat Türkmenbaşy Park is an ideal location to escape the city’s hustle and bustle and soak up nature’s tranquility. The best time to visit is during the spring when the park adorns itself with colorful blooms.
Do not forget to bring your camera, as the park offers a stunning view of the city.