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There are an array of things to do in Turkey, with Cappadocia sharing quite a few of those!
As if from a surreal painting, the rugged terrain of Cappadocia in Turkey will transport you to a magical world of whimsy and wonder.
From soaring hot air balloon rides over towering stone formations to exploring ancient underground cities, this region is a playground for adventurous souls seeking to unravel its secrets and immerse themselves in its unique beauty.
Without further ado listed below are some of the most fun things to do in Cappadocia:
1. Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia
UNESCO World Heritage Site located in central Turkey, famous for its unique landscape of fairy chimneys, rock formations, and underground cities.
What to see or do: Take a hot air balloon ride for a breathtaking bird’s eye view of the landscape, explore the many underground cities and cave dwellings, visit the Goreme Open Air Museum to see ancient frescoes and rock churches, hike through the valleys, and take a Turkish cooking class.
Don’t miss: Seeing the sunrise over the fairy chimneys and hot air balloons, visiting the Pasabag Valley to see the mushroom-shaped fairy chimneys, and exploring the Kaymakli Underground City.
Insider travel tips: Book activities in advance to secure your spot, wear comfortable shoes for hiking and exploring, bring sunscreen and plenty of water, and try traditional Turkish dishes such as kebabs and baklava.
2. Hot Air Balloon Tours
A hot air balloon tour over the surreal landscape of Cappadocia, where you can witness the unique rock formations, valleys, and fairy chimneys from a bird’s-eye view.
What to see or do: Experience the tranquility and beauty of the Cappadocia region as you fly over its remarkable topography and catch the sunrise or sunset.
You can observe the contrasting colors of the sky and earth while admiring the magnificent rock formations and scenic vistas below.
Don’t Miss: Make sure to capture the breathtaking moments with your camera and enjoy sipping champagne during your flight. You should also witness the fairy chimneys and rock formations of the Rose Valley, Love Valley, and Goreme National Park.
Insider travel tips: Book in advance as the balloon tours can fill up quickly, and plan to wake up very early to catch the sunrise tours.
Also, choose a reputable operator, as safety is paramount when taking to the skies. Lastly, dress warmly, as it can get cold at high altitudes, and wear comfortable shoes for landing.
3. Underground City of Derinkuyu
The Underground City of Derinkuyu is a historical marvel located in the Cappadocia region of Turkey. It is an expansive underground city that dates back to the Byzantine era.
What to see or do: Visitors can explore the maze-like tunnels, rooms, and passageways that make up this incredible network of underground dwellings.
There are several levels to explore, each with unique features such as living quarters, food storage rooms, and even a church.
Don’t miss: Make sure to check out the large ventilation shafts that run throughout the city, providing fresh air and light to the underground inhabitants.
Also, don’t miss the massive stone doors that could be rolled shut to protect the city from invaders.
Insider travel tips: It can get quite chilly in the underground city, so be sure to dress in layers.
Also, if you have any claustrophobia or mobility issues, be aware that there are narrow passageways and low ceilings throughout the city.
A guided tour is highly recommended to fully appreciate the historical significance and architectural marvel of Derinkuyu.
4. Open Air Museum of Zelve
The Open Air Museum of Zelve is a unique tourist destination located in the Cappadocia region of Turkey. It is an ancient cave settlement that has been transformed into an open-air museum.
What to see or do: Visitors can explore the cave dwellings and learn about the history of the settlement, which dates back to the 9th century.
The museum showcases the unique architecture and way of life of the people who once inhabited the area.
Don’t miss: One of the highlights of the museum is the Christian Chapel, which features stunning frescoes that are remarkably well-preserved. The site also has a number of winding passageways and intricate rock formations that are definitely worth exploring.
Insider travel tips: Be sure to wear comfortable shoes as the terrain can be rocky and uneven. It’s also helpful to hire a tour guide who can provide additional context and insight into the museum’s history.
Additionally, try to arrive early in the day to avoid crowds and take advantage of the cooler morning temperatures.
5. Uchisar Castle
Uchisar Castle is a natural rock fortress located in the heart of Cappadocia, Turkey.
What to see or do: Visitors can climb to the top of the castle to enjoy panoramic views of the surrounding valleys and fairy chimneys.
The castle also offers glimpses into the ancient Byzantine and Ottoman era with its underground tunnels, storage rooms, and living quarters.
Don’t miss: The breathtaking views from the top of the castle where visitors can see all the way to Mount Erciyes with its snow-capped peak.
Insider travel tips: Try to visit early in the morning or late in the afternoon to avoid crowds and make sure to wear comfortable walking shoes as some parts of the castle can be slippery.
Additionally, it can get pretty windy at the top of the castle, so bring a jacket or sweater.
6. Pasabag (Monks Valley)
Pasabag, also known as Monks Valley, is a unique geological formation located in Cappadocia, Turkey. The valley is famous for its mushroom-shaped rock formations, which were formed by volcanic eruptions thousands of years ago.
What to see or do: Visitors can admire the interesting rock formations found in Pasabag. Walking through the valley, you’ll see the fairy chimneys up close and personal.
Many visitors find this landscape fascinating and love taking pictures.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the opportunity to explore the surrounding area on foot, where you can discover hidden cave churches. Another must-see is the nearby Zelve Open Air Museum, which offers a glimpse into the fascinating history of the region.
Insider travel tips: Avoid visiting Pasabag during the peak season as it can get very crowded. If possible, plan your visit for the early morning or late afternoon when the light is perfect for photography.
Wear comfortable shoes as there will be a lot of walking involved.
7. Love Valley
A rocky valley in Cappadocia known for its phallic-shaped rock formations.
What to see or do: Take a hike or horse ride through the valley to see the unique rock formations up close. Admire the stunning landscape and take photos of the bizarre shapes of the rocks.
Don’t miss: The panoramic views of the valley from the top of the rocks. It’s a great spot for sunset watching.
Insider travel tips: Wear comfortable shoes as the terrain can be rocky and uneven. Bring plenty of water and sunscreen as the sun can be intense.
Keep an eye out for local vendors selling souvenirs and snacks along the way.
8. Pigeon Valley
A beautiful valley in Cappadocia filled with pigeon houses carved into the rock formations.
What to see or do: Take a peaceful hike through the valley and admire the unique architecture of the pigeon houses. Marvel at the striking rock formations and stunning views of the surrounding landscape.
Don’t miss: A chance to spot the local inhabitants, as the valley is home to a large population of pigeons. Additionally, be sure to watch a sunset from one of the high points in the valley for unforgettable views.
Insider travel tips: Bring comfortable shoes for the hike and plenty of water. Consider hiring a guide for a more informative experience.
Don’t be afraid to explore the lesser-known paths and viewpoints for a more intimate experience.
9. Red Valley (Kizilcukur)
A stunning valley in Cappadocia, known for its red-hued rocks and breathtaking landscapes.
What to see or do: Take a hike through the valley to witness the captivating beauty of the rock formations and cliffs. Marvel at the striking contrast of the colorful hues of the rocks against the clear blue skies.
Capture breathtaking views of the valley and surrounding landscapes from various vantage points.
Don’t miss: The chance to witness the stunning sunrise or sunset from one of the many lookout points in the valley. The panoramic view of the valley illuminated by the golden glow of the sun is truly a sight to behold.
Insider travel tips: Wear comfortable walking shoes and carry plenty of water as the hike through the valley can be long and strenuous. Carry a camera to capture the stunning landscapes.
To avoid crowds, plan your visit during early morning or late evening.
10. Devrent Valley (Imagination Valley)
Devrent Valley, also known as Imagination Valley, is a unique geological formation located in Cappadocia, Turkey.
What to see or do: The valley is famous for its surreal rock formations that resemble animals, people, and other imaginative shapes. Visitors can explore the valley and enjoy the stunning scenery.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the chance to see the famous “camel rock,” the iconic formation that resembles a camel. Also, keep an eye out for the “fairy chimneys” – tall, thin spires that are unique to Cappadocia.
Insider travel tips: To fully enjoy the experience, visitors should wear comfortable shoes and bring plenty of water, as the valley can be quite hot and dry.
It’s also a good idea to bring a camera to capture the unique landscape.
For the best experience, visitors should plan to arrive early in the morning or late in the afternoon when there are fewer crowds.
11. Cavusin Village
An ancient village made up of cave buildings and churches in Cappadocia, Turkey.
What to see or do: Explore the narrow streets and winding pathways of this unique village, visit the Church of Saint John the Baptist, and admire the stunning views of the surrounding valleys and fairy chimneys.
Don’t miss: The abandoned cave houses that can be accessed by walking through the backstreets of the village, and the hidden tunnels and secret rooms that can be found in some of the buildings.
Insider travel tips: Bring comfortable shoes as the village is hilly and some of the pathways can be steep. It’s also worth visiting early in the morning or late in the afternoon to avoid the crowds.
Finally, don’t forget to bring a camera to capture the stunning views and interesting architecture.
12. Selime Monastery
Selime Monastery is a spectacular rock-cut monastery located in Cappadocia, Turkey. It is one of the largest religious complexes in the region and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
What to see or do: Visitors can explore the intricate rock-carved rooms and tunnels of the monastery, which date back to the 8th century. The main cathedral features stunning frescoes depicting biblical scenes.
The monastery also offers breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape.
Don’t miss: Make sure to climb to the top of the monastery to enjoy the panoramic views of the Cappadocian valleys. Don’t forget to visit the Selime village, nearby.
Insider travel tips: The best time to visit is during the early morning or late afternoon to avoid the crowds. Wear comfortable shoes as there are many steps and uneven surfaces.
Hiring a guide can give you a better understanding of the monastery’s history and architecture.
13. Kaymakli Underground City
Kaymakli Underground City is one of the largest and deepest underground cities in Cappadocia.
What to see or do: Explore the intricate network of tunnels, chambers, and rooms that make up this unique underground complex. Marvel at the ancient engineering and architectural feats that allowed people to carve out an entire city beneath the ground.
Don’t miss: Don’t miss the chance to see the ventilation shafts, water wells, and living spaces that were once used by the inhabitants of this subterranean settlement.
Insider travel tips: – Wear comfortable shoes as the underground passageways can be narrow and uneven.
14. Hiking in Rose Valley
Hiking trail in Rose Valley, a picturesque valley in Cappadocia famous for its rugged rock formations and scenic landscapes.
What to see or do: Experience the natural beauty of Cappadocia by hiking through Rose Valley, admiring the colorful rock formations, and passing by historic cave churches and hidden fairy chimneys along the way.
Don’t miss: The panoramic views from the top of the valley, the ancient rock-cut churches of the valley, and the photo opportunities at sunset.
Insider travel tips: Wear comfortable shoes and carry plenty of water. It’s best to start this hike early in the morning before the heat of the day.
Also, it’s recommended to hire a local guide who can share the history and local legends of the valley, enhancing the experience.
15. Avanos Pottery Village
Avanos Pottery Village is a small town located in central Turkey, in the Cappadocia region. It is famous for its handmade pottery using traditional techniques that date back to the Hittites.
What to see or do: Visit the local pottery workshops where you can witness the art of pottery making, and even try your hand at pottery under the guidance of expert artisans.
Take a stroll along the Kizilirmak River and explore the local markets for souvenirs.
Don’t miss: The annual Avanos International Pottery Festival, which takes place in September. It’s a great opportunity to experience the unique pottery traditions of Avanos and enjoy live music and food.
Insider travel tips: -Visit in the early morning to avoid the crowds at the pottery workshops.